[1]李玉清①,张建俊②,谢武化①,等.复合添加剂对铵油炸药耐热性能的影响[J].爆破器材,2025,54(05):40-46.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2025.05.006]
　LI Yuqing,ZHANG Jianjun,XIE Wuhua,et al.Effect of Composite Additives on the Heat-Resistant of ANFO Explosives[J].EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS,2025,54(05):40-46.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2025.05.006]
点击复制

复合添加剂对铵油炸药耐热性能的影响()

《爆破器材》[ISSN:1001-8352/CN:32-1163/TJ]

卷:
54
期数:
2025年05
页码:
40-46
栏目:
爆炸材料
出版日期:
2025-10-13

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effect of Composite Additives on the Heat-Resistant of ANFO Explosives
文章编号:
6018
作者:
李玉清①; 张建俊②; 谢武化①; 费鸿禄③; 郭纪委③; 陈良雨③
①神华准格尔能源有限责任公司炸药厂(内蒙古鄂尔多斯，010300)
②辽宁工程技术大学土木工程学院(辽宁阜新，123000)
③辽宁工程技术大学爆破技术研究院(辽宁阜新，123000)
Author(s):
LI Yuqing①;  ZHANG Jianjun②;  XIE Wuhua①;  FEI Honglu③;  GUO Jiwei③;  CHEN Liangyu③
① Explosive Plant of Shenhua Zhungeer Energy Co., Ltd. (Inner Mongolia Ordos, 010300)
② School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University (Liaoning Fuxin, 123000)
③ Research Institute of Explosive Technology, Liaoning Technical University (Liaoning Fuxin, 123000)
关键词:
铵油炸药; 耐热性能; 复合添加剂; 爆速; 热分析
Keywords:
ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) explosive;  heat resistance;  composite additive;  detonation velocity;  thermal analysis
分类号:
TJ55
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2025.05.006
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为提升铵油炸药的耐热性能，将尿素分别与乙酸铵、硫酸钾、乙酰胺按照质量比1〖JX-*9。1〗1的比例混合制成复合添加剂a、b和c，并按质量分数89.5%多孔粒状硝酸铵、5.7%柴油和4.8%复合添加剂的比例混合制得3种耐热型铵油炸药。通过TGDTG实验、烘箱耐热性实验和爆速实验研究了3种复合添加剂对铵油炸药热稳定性和爆炸性能的影响。结果表明：普通铵油炸药爆速为2 813 m/s；含复合添加剂a、 b、 c的铵油炸药的爆速分别为2 791、 2 897、 1 996 m/s。其中，含复合添加剂c的铵油炸药的爆速最低。普通铵油炸药的活化能为164.95 kJ/mol，含复合添加剂a的铵油炸药的活化能为193.02 kJ/mol，相比于普通铵油炸药活化能提升最大。在240 ℃高温环境中，所制备的3种耐热型铵油炸药放热峰出现的时间相比于普通铵油炸药分别延后约1.39、 2.08、 2.78 h。可为耐热型铵油炸药配方的设计提供依据。
Abstract:
In order to improve the heat resistance of ANFO, urea was mixed with ammonium acetate, potassium sulfate, or acetamide in a 1:1 mass ratio to produce composite additives a, b, and c. Three types of heatresistant ANFO were prepared by mixing 89.5% porous granular ammonium nitrate, 5.7% diesel, and 4.8% composite additives by mass. The effects of three composite additives on the thermal stability and explosive performance of ANFO were studied through TGDTG experiments, oven heat resistance experiments, and detonation velocity experiments. The results show that the detonation velocity of conventional ANFO is 2 813 m/s, while the detonation velocities of ANFO containing composite additives a, b, and c are 2 791, 2 897 m/s, and 1 996 m/s, respectively. The ANFO containing composite additive c has the lowest detonation velocity. The activation energy of conventional ANFO is 164.95 kJ/mol. The activation energy of ANFO containing composite additive a is 193.02 kJ/mol, with the maximum increase in activation energy. Compared with conventional ANFO, the appearance time of the exothermic peak of the three heat-resistant ANFO in a high temperature environment of 240 ℃ is delayed by about 1.39, 2.08 hours and 2.78 hours. It can provide reference for the design of the formula of heat-resistant ANFO.

参考文献/References:

［1］王君霞, 郝亚飞, 保天才, 等. 露天煤矿火区爆破安全作业技术［J］. 工程爆破, 2021, 27(1): 116-120.

WANG J X, HAO Y F, BAO T C, et al. Blasting safety technology in fire zones of open pit coal mine ［J］. Engineering Blasting, 2021, 27(1): 116-120.
［2］TURCOTTE R, LIGHTFOOT P D, FOUCHARD R, et al. Thermal hazard assessment of AN and AN-based explosives ［J］. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003, 101(1): 1-27.
［3］TANAKA K J, TANAKA S, SAWADA T. Development of heat resistant industrial explosive ［J］. Journal of the Japan Explosive Society, 2002, 63(4): 144-150.
［4］李洪伟, 杨策, 聂华君, 等. 含不同质量分数三价铁离子乳胶基质的绝热分解研究［J］. 安全与环境学报, 2023, 23(1): 80-86.
LI H W, YANG C, NIU H J, et al. Study on the adiabatic decomposition of emulsion matrix containing different mass fractions of ferric ions ［J］. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2023, 23(1): 80-86.
［5］束学来, 郑炳旭, 郭子如, 等. 耐热炸药机理分析与优化浅析［J］. 工程爆破, 2014, 20(5): 59-63
SHU X L, ZHENG B X, GUO Z R, et al. Mechanism and optimization analysis of heat-resistant explosives ［J］. Engineering Blasting, 2014, 20(5): 59-63.
［6］谢作军, 郭子如, 汪泉, 等. 运用MC法探究添加物对ANFO热稳定性的影响［J］. 煤矿爆破, 2017 (1): 1-3, 21.
XIE Z J, GUO Z R, WANG Q, et al. Experimental study of the influence of additives on the thermal stability of ANFO by using microcalorimetry ［J］. Coal Mine Blasting, 2017 (1): 1-3, 21.
［7］郭子如, 杜宝强, 高中国, 等. 基于热爆炸理论的铵油炸药高温炮孔耐热行为预测［J］. 工程爆破, 2022, 28(1): 107-112.
GUO Z R, DU B Q, GAO Z G, et al. Prediction of heatresistant behavior of ANFO in high-temperature blast holes based on thermal explosion theory ［J］. Engineering Blasting, 2022, 28(1): 107-112.
［8］雷战, 王蕾, 李洪伟. 复合乳化剂对重铵油炸药热分解特性的影响［J］. 火工品, 2020 (3): 45-48.
LEI Z, WANG L, LI H W. Effect of compound emulsifier on thermal decomposition characteristics of HANFO［J］. Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2020 (3): 45-48.
［9］王洋, 何志伟, 郭子如, 等. ANPyO/NBR的热分解动力学及热安全性研究［J］. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(5): 62-66.
WANG Y, HE Z W, GUO Z R, et al. Thermal decomposition kinetics and thermal safety of ANPyO/NBR ［J］. China Safety Science Journal, 2019, 29(5): 62-66.
［10］李洪伟, 徐飞扬, 夏曼曼, 等. 用C80量热仪研究重铵油炸药的热分解特性［J］. 化工学报, 2018, 69(4): 17991805.
LI H W, XU F Y, XIA M M, et al. Thermal decomposition characteristics of HANFO by using C80 calorimeter ［J］. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(4): 1799-1805.
［11］唐双凌, 吕春绪, 周新利, 等.改性硝酸铵爆炸安全性研究: II.无机化学肥料对硝酸铵爆炸安全性的影响［J］.应用化学, 2004, 21(4): 400-404.
TANG S L, Lǔ C X, ZHOU X L, et al. Studies on the detonation safety of modified ammonium nitrate II. The influence of inorganic chemical fertilizer ［J］ Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2004, 21(4): 400-404.
［12］韦秉旭, 陈寿如.用B-W规则和BKW程序计算乳化炸药爆轰产物的比较［J］.湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2003, 25(4): 50-54.
WEI B X, CHEN S R．Comparison of detonation products of emulsion explosives computed with B-W regulation and BKW program ［J］．Journal of Xiangtan Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2003, 25(4): 50-54.
［13］郑恒威, 郭子如, 张显丕.工业炸药爆轰参数理论计算［J］.煤矿爆破, 2007(4): 1-4.
ZHENG H W, GUO Z R, ZHANG X P. Theoretical calculation of detonation parameters for industrial explosives［J］.Coal Mine Blasting, 2007(4): 1-4.
［14］BABRAUSKAS V, LEGGETT D. Thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate ［J］.Fire and Materials, 2020, 44(2): 250-268.
［15］张涛, 陈明华, 贾昊楠, 等.热分解动力学在含能材料中的应用［J］.爆破器材, 2013, 42(6): 52-56.
ZHANG T, CHEN M H, JIA H N, et al. Application of thermal decomposition kinetics in energetic materials ［J］. Explosive Materials, 2013, 42(6): 52-56.
［16］肖立柏, 高红旭, 赵凤起, 等.3,3-二硝氨基-4,4-氧化偶氮呋咱羟胺盐的热行为和热安全性研究［J］.火炸药学报, 2020, 43(1): 24-27, 32.
XIAO L B, GAO H X, ZHAO F Q, et al. Thermal behavior and safety of dihydroxyl ammonium 3,3-dinitroamino-4,4-azoxyfurazanate ［J］.Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2020, 43(1): 24-27, 32.
［17］张功震, 何志伟, 冉宪文, 等.ANPyO@PDA复合材料的制备、表征及热分解性能［J］.高压物理学报, 2023, 37(6): 063402.
ZHANG G Z, HE Z W, RAN X W, et al. Preparation, characterization and thermal decomposition properties of ANPyO@PDA composites ［J］ Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2023, 37(6): 063402.

相似文献/References:

[1]龚兵,熊代余,李国仲,等.BCJ多功能装药车的研究与应用[J].爆破器材,2010,39(03):12.
　GONG Bing,XIONG Daiyu,LI Guozhong,et al.Development and Application of BCJ Multi-function Charge Truck[J].EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS,2010,39(05):12.
[2]冯晓军 王晓峰 田轩 黄亚峰 赵东奎.JO-6炸药耐热性试验研究[J].爆破器材,2012,41(03):1.
　FENG Xiaojun,WANG Xiaofeng,TIAN Xuan,et al.Experimental Study on Heat-resistance Property of JO-6 Explosive[J].EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS,2012,41(05):1.
[3]孙光,熊代余,龚兵,等.粉状铵油炸药现场混装车的设计与应用[J].爆破器材,2013,42(05):27.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2013.05.006]
　SUN Guang,XIONG Daiyu,GONG Bing,et al.Design and Application of Powdery Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Explosive on Site Mixed Loading Truck[J].EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS,2013,42(05):27.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2013.05.006]
[4]宋日.废矿物油在铵油炸药中的应用[J].爆破器材,2016,45(03):51.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2016.03.011]
　SONG Ri.Application of Waste Mineral Oil in ANFO[J].EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS,2016,45(05):51.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2016.03.011]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-02-16
第一作者：李玉清（1986—），男，高级工程师，主要从事露天矿爆破工程、现场混装炸药生产及安全生产管理等工作。E-mail: 1438442237@qq.com
通信作者：张建俊（1984—），男，博士研究生，主要从事地下工程不良地质灾害控制、岩土体加固新材料方面的研究。E-mail: zhangjianjun@lntu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-10-11